Scientists have documented the first case of Down syndrome in Neanderthals, a finding which also supports the notion that these cousins of modern man were capable of providing care and support to a vulnerable member of their group.

"The results have significant implications for our understandin...

Four-year-old Theo Scott was born with Down syndrome, and since the age of 1 he's also had to wear a CPAP device whenever he sleeps, to help ease his sleep apnea.

He's not alone: Eight out of 10 kids with Down syndrome have sleep apnea.

Luckily for Theo, his nightly CPAP ordeal may be over. He...

People who survive a long and harrowing bout of COVID-19 do not emerge unscathed from their illness, a new study warns.

Two-thirds of severe COVID patients still have physical, psychiatric and thinking problems one year after their illness, researchers report.

The report highlights the ongoing ...

Rare gene-driven defects such as Down syndrome have occurred among human beings for many thousands of years, a new analysis of ancient DNA has revealed.

Not only did the birth defects exist, but these infants were often buried with care by their community. That suggests they were included as part of the community despite their differences, researchers said.

Six cases of Down syndrom...

While new treatments for leukemia have improved outcomes for many patients, children with Down syndrome have not benefited as much.

These young people are at increased risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and have higher rates of relapse and treatment-related harm.

A new review looked at more contemporary therapi...

Americans with Down syndrome have a critical lifeline in Medicaid insurance, new research confirms.

But the publicly funded insurance program will have to respond to rising numbers of older adults with Down syndrome, researchers say.

"As more people with Down syndrome survive to older ages, the Medicaid system needs to be ready to serve this population with tailored, sensitive, and ...

The genetic abnormality that drives Down syndrome causes the same sort of abnormal brain plaques and protein tangles that are found in Alzheimer's disease patients, a new study reports.

Amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles have long been associated with Alzheimer's disease, and they're also evident in most people with Down syndrome by age 40, researchers note.

These plaques and tan...

Men with Down syndrome may think and remember better when treated with a brain hormone normally associated with fertility, a new small-scale study suggests.

Rhythmic drip doses of